Roshan Digital Accounts (RDA) continued to demonstrate resilience and investor confidence, attracting total inflows of $205 million during October 2025. According to the latest data released by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), this brought the cumulative inflows into RDA to $11,313 million, marking an increase of $9 million compared to the previous month’s inflow of $196 million.
The SBP reported that the net repatriable liability (NRL) of RDA rose by $35 million in October, reflecting the balance between funds repatriated and amounts utilized locally. During the month, $25 million was repatriated while $145 million was invested or spent within Pakistan. Cumulatively, $9,166 million has been repatriated or locally utilized to date, with $1,903 million repatriated abroad and $7,263 million allocated domestically. This positions the NRL at $2,148 million, representing 18.99% of total RDA balances.
A breakdown of the NRL reveals that $499 million remains invested in Conventional Naya Pakistan Certificates (NPC), $997 million in Islamic NPCs, $95 million in equity investments, $503 million as account balances, and $54 million categorized under other liabilities. These figures underscore the diversified investment strategy adopted by non-resident Pakistanis through RDA, spanning conventional and Islamic financial instruments.
In addition to inflows, October saw the opening of 11,108 new RDA accounts, raising the total number of active accounts to 873,465. These accounts offer non-resident Pakistanis (NRPs), including holders of the Pakistan Origin Card (POC), an innovative and fully digital banking solution. The presenceless account opening process allows overseas Pakistanis to complete all formalities without visiting a bank, embassy, or consulate, with banks completing customer due diligence within 48 hours.
Looking at historical trends, the highest monthly inflow recorded was $310 million in June 2021, while the peak of repatriation and local utilization occurred in July 2022, with a $330 million reduction in NRL. From mid-2022 to early 2023, RDA experienced capital outflows nearing $150 million, likely due to economic uncertainties and policy changes. However, a gradual recovery began in 2023, with sustained inflows throughout 2024 reflecting renewed confidence among overseas investors.
The State Bank of Pakistan, in collaboration with commercial banks, continues to promote RDA as a platform for non-resident Pakistanis to engage in banking, payments, and investments efficiently. The initiative not only encourages investment inflows but also strengthens the formal financial system by integrating NRPs into Pakistan’s domestic economy.
SBP officials noted that the digital-first approach, combined with presenceless onboarding, has made RDA a key component of Pakistan’s broader financial inclusion strategy. These accounts provide NRPs with the flexibility to invest in government securities, equity markets, and utilize banking services in real-time, ensuring both convenience and transparency.
With October inflows reaching $205 million, the Roshan Digital Account continues to exemplify the growing confidence of overseas Pakistanis in the country’s economic prospects. As the SBP works to expand digital banking and investor-friendly frameworks, RDA remains a cornerstone for mobilizing foreign investment and strengthening Pakistan’s financial ecosystem.
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